4. Timeline for the Enlightenment Period

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Quoted from Astro-Charts Astrology

1666

Astrology is banished from French Academy of Science.

Great Fire of London (capital of world's superpower at the time) burns to the ground, as predicted by Lilly.

1687

Sir Issac Newton presents universal law of gravity in Principia Mathematica. He invents calculus and studies astrology.

1690

The Chapter of Perfection, an esoteric astrological community, in Germantown, Pennsylvania, is led by John Kelpius. Its astrologers help to upgrade the almanac pub- lished by Daniel Leeds. It practices occult arts based on the principles of European Rosicrucians and Freemasons, and is the offspring of a secret order in London, the Masonic Rite of Perfection, which involved John Jacob Zimmerman and Jane (Ward) Lead, former members of the Philadelphians, a mystic cult inspired by Jakob Boehme in Germany.

1698

Johann Seelig, member of the Chapter of Perfection, is commissioned to find the best astrological time for building the Swedish Lutheran Church at Wisaco.

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1700

John Partridge and Henry Season are major British astrologers. Almanacs with many astrological sections are published. In America, Yale and Harvard Universities cautiously accept astrology. American astrologers such as Joseph Satfford of Rhode Island, Nathaniel Low of Boston, John Tobler of Carolina provide advice to merchants and common people. Much of the astrology is done secretly in Masonic Lodges in Britain and America.

1712

The Husbandman's Guide provides astrological advice for farmers.

1733

Benjamin Franklin publishes astrological Almanac 'Poor Richard's Almanack' under alias R. Saunders.

1770

Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson and George Washington are influenced by astrology and Egyptian-Alexandrian occult ideas supplied by esoteric astrologers in Germantown, Pennsylvania. Christopher Witt, the esoteric community's magister is a physician and astrologer. Much of the concern is to select the best times, ideas, designs of seals and monuments, to initiate activities that would lead to the creation of a nation powerful enough to withstand the attempts of Britain, the world superpower, to regain its prized colonies. Egyptian magic is evident.

1781

7th planet from Sun, Uranus, is discovered by William Herschel.

1784

Ebenezer Sibly compiles a voluminous illustrated book on astrology, A New and Complete Illustration of the Celestial Science of Astrology.

1801

The Magus, written by Francis Barrett, is synthesis of astrological-magical lore.

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1816

A Complete Dictionary of Astrology by James Wilson is published. For the first time a book provides all the basic information for anyone to construct and interpret charts. This marks a new era in astrology.

1824

Raphael introduces a periodical with weekly predictions on love, finance and travel, the first of its kind.

1825

Robert C. Smith, known as Raphael, writes Manual of Astrology, compiles ephemeris (still currently in use), and launches first successful astrological publishing house.

1831

The Herald of Astrology by Zadkiel (alias for Richard James Morrison) is the first work that is produced in editions of tens of thousands of copies, which indicates the mass interest in astrology. Alfred J. Pierce continued Morrison's work under the same pseudonym.

1839

The Vox Stellarum is the most popular almanac in Britain because of its predictions.

1844

The British Association for Astral Science is formed.

1846

Neptune is discovered by Leverrier.

1860

The History of Magic by Eliphas Levi (Alphonse Louis Constant) sums up much of the sort of astrology favored in his time. In 1861 he writes The Key of the Mysteries.

1862

Frances Rolleston publishes Mazzaroth (Hebrew for "Zodiac") in which she explains zodiacal references in the Bible.

1865

Mark and Luke Broughton publishes many astrological journals in America. Luke teaches thousands of astrologers.

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1875

Helena Blavatsky forms Theosophical Society in New York, which spurs the evolution of spiritual astrology.

1880

Richard Garnett writes The Soul and the Stars in the University Magazine in which he attacks astrologers of the time for using too much cabbala and magic rather than using astrology as a science.

1889

The Order of the Magi is formed in Chicago by Olney H. Richmond. The order involves Christian occult astrology.

1890

William Henry Chaney publishes Primer of Astrology and American Urania. Taught by Luke Broughton, Chaney spends 40 years teaching astrology.

Sepharial (Walter Gorn Old), a well-known English astrologer, specializes in occult astrology and joins Blavatsky's inner circle of the Theosophical Society. He has knowledge of Cabbala, Coptic, Assyrian, Sanskrit and Chinese languages. Eventually, Sepharial abandons interest in the esoteric aspect of astrology and practices the practical form.

Alan Leo (William Frederick Allen) publishes the Astrological Magazine. It is financed by Aphorel (F.W.Lacey) a member of the Theo- sophical Society and is very popular and profitable. Leo becomes official astrologer for the Society. He defines astrology within a divine, karmic and spiritual framework.

1890

Alan Leo sets up a chart business and hires a staff of astrologers.

1892

Karl Anderson writes and publishes his Astrology of the Old Testament, a large text with more insights into astrological concepts and references in the Bible than previously disclosed by astrologers. Much of it deals with Christian-Egyptian-Hebrew- Sanskrit numerology, symbols, and ideas used by Freemasons and Rosicrucians.

1895

Karl Brandler Pracht forms astrological society and the Astrologische Rundshau, the most prominent astrological journal in Germany. This renewal of astrology in Germany was mostly the result of Helena Blavatsky's influence.

Alan Leo renames Astrological Magazine to Modern Astrology.

1896

Alan Leo forms The Astrological Society

1897

Old Moore's Almanac sells 500,000 copies.

1898

New Manual of Astrology by Sepharial. Joseph G. Dalton publishes the American Ephemeris. Dalton is involved in the astrological establishment of Boston. Luke Broughton publishes Elements of Astrology.

1899

Evangeline Adams takes up residence in a fashionable hotel in New York and does astrological charts for the rich and powerful for the next years. She becomes famous for her accurate predictions.